KAIST·고려대 연구팀 '바카디 럼주' 수용액 용매로 활용 "친환경적이면서도 고성능 구현"…국제학술지 표지에 논문 실려
왼쪽부터 KAIST 김범준 교수, 고려대 우한영 교수, KAIST 이창연 박사 [한국연구재단 제공=연합뉴스]
(대전=연합뉴스) 이재림 기자 = 국내 연구진이 기발하면서도 우연한 실험을 바탕으로 세계 최고 수준의 친환경 유기 태양전지 기술을 구현했다.
한국연구재단은 한국과학기술원(KAIST) 김범준 교수·고려대 우한영 교수 연구팀이 유독성 용매 공정 없이 전자소자를 친환경적으로 제작할 수 있는 새로운 가능성을 제시했다고 26일 밝혔다.
유기 전자소자는 유연하고 가벼운 데다 활용 범위가 크다는 장점을 지닌다.
다만 현재로서는 인체나 환경에 유독한 유기 용매를 써서 제작해야 하는 한계를 동시에 보인다.
학계에선 물과 같은 친환경 용매를 도입하기 위한 다양한 시도를 하고 있다.
연구팀은 물과 에탄올로 구성된 혼합용액에 잘 녹는 '친수성 고성능 전도성 유기 소재'를 만들었다.
성과는 굉장히 우연한 사건 덕분에 나왔다.
연구팀의 친환경 유기 전자소자 프로젝트는 에탄올을 공정용매로 활용하자는 아이디어에서 시작했다.
독창적인 방식을 구상하던 중 재미 삼아 시중에서 파는 술을 용매로 쓰게 됐다.
물과 에탄올이 50대 50의 비율로 섞인 럼주로 실험을 진행했는데, 놀랍게도 모든 과정이 순조로웠다고 한다.
럼주에서 전도성 소재 용해도가 훨씬 높다는 사실을 발견했기 때문이다.
순수한 물이나 순수한 에탄올 같은 용매가 OEG 기반 전도성 고분자를 거의 녹이지 못하는 것과는 다른 결과다.
개발된 고분자 소재는 순수한 물이나 에탄올보다 럼주(바카디 151)에서 가장 잘 녹았다. 이 럼주는 물과 에탄올이 50대 50 몰 비율로 혼합돼 있다. 물·에탄올 공정의 인체·환경 친화성을 방증하는 실험 결과라고 연구팀은 설명했다. [한국연구재단 제공=연합뉴스]
실제 럼주 같은 물·에탄올 혼합 용매에서는 용해도가 130배나 향상했다.
이를 기반으로 수용액 공정에서 유기 태양전지와 유기 트랜지스터를 개발했더니 높은 광전변환 효율(2％)을 보였다.
물 또는 알코올 용해성 전도성 소재 기반 유기 태양전지 기준으로는 세계 최고 기록이라고 연구팀은 전했다.
우수한 전하 이동도와 대기 안정성도 확인됐다.
연구팀은 전 공정에 걸쳐 유독한 유기 용매를 전혀 사용하지 않았다고 강조했다.
이 덕분에 유해물질 차단 장비(글로브 박스)도 필요하지 않았다.
해당 소재는 올리고에틸렌글리콜(oligoethylene glycol·OEG) 곁사슬을 포함한다.
어드밴스드 에너지 머티리얼스 표지 이미지[한국연구재단 제공=연합뉴스]
김범준 교수는 "지속가능한, 인체·환경 친화적인 공정 기술 개발이라는 측면에서 매우 의미 있는 성과"라며 "유기 전자소자 제작 패러다임을 바꾸는 한편 기술 상용화를 크게 앞당길 것으로 기대한다"고 말했다.
연구는 과학기술정보통신부·한국연구재단 나노소재기술개발사업과 글로벌프론티어사업 지원으로 수행했다.
재료 분야 국제학술지 '어드밴스드 에너지 머티리얼스'(Advanced Energy Materials) 5일 자 표지에 논문이 실렸다.
KAIST 생명화학공학과 이창연 박사가 논문 1저자다.
walden@yna.co.kr
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